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| 1 | # Installation | ||
| 2 | |||
| 3 | git clone http://git.entwicklerseite.de/vim ~/.config/nvim/ | ||
| 4 | ln -s ~/.config/nvim ~/.vim | ||
| 5 | |||
| 6 | # Overview | ||
| 7 | |||
| 8 | - `init.lua` :: my every day neovim config. It sources my vimrc (see below) | ||
| 9 | |||
| 10 | - `init-mini.lua` :: if you want to start from scratch this is a good start. It | ||
| 11 | sets up nvim with a language server to support the creation of a new config. | ||
| 12 | |||
| 13 | - `vimrc` :: commented version of a vimrc with sane defaults | ||
| 14 | |||
| 15 | - `gvimrc` :: configures the gui of gvim and sources the vimrc | ||
| 16 | |||
| 17 | |||
| 18 | ``` | ||
| 19 | . | ||
| 20 | ├── after | ||
| 21 | │ ├── ftdetect | ||
| 22 | │ │ └── log.vim | ||
| 23 | │ ├── ftplugin | ||
| 24 | │ │ └── python.vim | ||
| 25 | │ ├── indent | ||
| 26 | │ │ ├── html5.vim | ||
| 27 | │ │ ├── php.vim | ||
| 28 | │ │ └── yaml.vim | ||
| 29 | │ └── syntax | ||
| 30 | │ ├── c.vim | ||
| 31 | │ ├── log.vim | ||
| 32 | │ └── markdown.vim | ||
| 33 | ├── gvimrc | ||
| 34 | ├── init-mini.lua | ||
| 35 | ├── init.lua | ||
| 36 | ├── README.md | ||
| 37 | └── vimrc | ||
| 38 | ``` | ||
| 39 | |||
| 40 | |||
| 41 | # Cheat sheet | ||
| 42 | For different working scenarios. | ||
| 43 | |||
| 44 | ## vim | ||
| 45 | |||
| 46 | - use `<C-d>` to expand autocompletion on the `:` command line. That works for | ||
| 47 | example for `:setfiletype <C-d>` to show all available filetypes. | ||
| 48 | |||
| 49 | - use `gw` or `gq` in visual mode to break selected text at the current | ||
| 50 | textwidth (configured with `set textwidth=80` for example) | ||
| 51 | |||
| 52 | |||
| 53 | ## general | ||
| 54 | |||
| 55 | :viusage = summary of all keyboard shortcuts | ||
| 56 | :options = shows currently :set options (with descriptions) | ||
| 57 | leader key = usually set to backslash expects a quick command | ||
| 58 | |||
| 59 | ### normal mode | ||
| 60 | |||
| 61 | f{char} = move cursor to the character {char} | ||
| 62 | gf = open file under cursor | ||
| 63 | <C-w>gf = open file under cursor in a tab | ||
| 64 | <C-w>] = jump to the tag under the cursor in a new window | ||
| 65 | <C-t> = jump back from where that ^ brought you | ||
| 66 | K = keyword lookup for the word under the cursor (see :help kp) | ||
| 67 | w = next word | ||
| 68 | e = end of word (=inner word) | ||
| 69 | |||
| 70 | @see: :h text-objects | ||
| 71 | ci' = change between single quote | ||
| 72 | ci" = change between double quote | ||
| 73 | ci( = change between brace | ||
| 74 | cit = change XML Tag | ||
| 75 | ciw = select inner word | ||
| 76 | caw = select 'a word' | ||
| 77 | " where c can be replaced by v for visual mode | ||
| 78 | |||
| 79 | :%s/foo/bar/g = replace all foo with bar | ||
| 80 | :g/foo/s/bar//g = on lines with foo replace bar with nothing | ||
| 81 | :g!/foo/s/bar//g = on lines not containing foo replace bar with nothing | ||
| 82 | :g!/^foo/execute("normal dd") delete lines starting with foo | ||
| 83 | |||
| 84 | flags, end: after the last / | ||
| 85 | g = replace globally (all occurances on the current line) | ||
| 86 | c = confirm each replace, also allows to switch to g (use the flag to see the help message) | ||
| 87 | e = places the cursor in the end of the selection | ||
| 88 | |||
| 89 | flags, within the search string: | ||
| 90 | \v = use very magic search (more like perl) | ||
| 91 | \V = use no very magic, more like searching verbatim | ||
| 92 | \zs .. \ze = mark begin and end of a sub pattern (like perl lookaround assertions) | ||
| 93 | |||
| 94 | ### visual mode (with selected lines) | ||
| 95 | |||
| 96 | gq = formats text so that it fits in whatever :set textwidth was set | ||
| 97 | iB = select block between curly braces (:help object-select) | ||
| 98 | |||
| 99 | ### command line mode | ||
| 100 | command line mode begins with : and has its own key mappings starting with c | ||
| 101 | like in cnormap | ||
| 102 | |||
| 103 | :spell [word] = adds a word to the current dictionary (no mistake any more) | ||
| 104 | :set list = display non printable characters | ||
| 105 | :retab = replaces tabs with spaces | ||
| 106 | :set expandtab = in insert mode: replace tab with spaces | ||
| 107 | :Explore = cli version open file dialog (file explorer) | ||
| 108 | :Lex = use netrw as project drawer (stays open in its own window) | ||
| 109 | :only = 'maximize' current buffer | ||
| 110 | |||
| 111 | |||
| 112 | ### insert mode | ||
| 113 | |||
| 114 | <c-r><c-w> = auto completion with the word under the cursor (interesting with incsearch) | ||
| 115 | <c-a> = expand pattern from command line (e.g. *.txt) | ||
| 116 | |||
| 117 | ### navigation | ||
| 118 | |||
| 119 | <CTRL-]> = look up the tag under the cursor (help links as well) | ||
| 120 | <CTRL-T> = return back from tag under the cursor | ||
| 121 | gd = jump to the declaration of the variable under the cursor | ||
| 122 | |||
| 123 | ### macros | ||
| 124 | record and play back a series of vim commands | ||
| 125 | |||
| 126 | qa = start (q) macro recording in register a (can be anything) | ||
| 127 | q = stop macro recording | ||
| 128 | @a = replay macro a | ||
| 129 | :'<,'>normal @a = apply a to every line in the current selection | ||
| 130 | :reg = lists all registers (including those with macros in them) | ||
| 131 | |||
| 132 | ### registers | ||
| 133 | notice, that registers get used for both: macro recordings and copying text | ||
| 134 | |||
| 135 | :reg = shows contents of all registers | ||
| 136 | "0p = pasts from register 0, which is the same as "", but not overwritten by dd | ||
| 137 | "ap = same for register a | ||
| 138 | "0yy = yanks to register 0 (same as y by itself) | ||
| 139 | "ay = yanks current selection to register a (in visual mode) | ||
| 140 | |||
| 141 | ### marker | ||
| 142 | |||
| 143 | ma = set marker a-z (a in this case) | ||
| 144 | mA = create a session persistent file marker which can be used to reopen a file (not bound to the buffer) | ||
| 145 | `a = go to marker a (line & column) | ||
| 146 | 'a = go to marker a (line, first non blank), same as `a^ | ||
| 147 | |||
| 148 | ### other hotkeys | ||
| 149 | |||
| 150 | <C-A>, <C-X> = increment, decrement number under the cursor | ||
| 151 | |||
| 152 | ## windows | ||
| 153 | |||
| 154 | <C-w>v = splits buffer vertically (screen uses |) | ||
| 155 | <C-w>s = splits buffer horizontally (same as screen) | ||
| 156 | <C-w>w = moves the cursor to the next window and back | ||
| 157 | <C-w>[dir] = moves the cursor in that direction (use hjkl or arrow keys) | ||
| 158 | <C-w>[HK] = make a vertical split horizontal and vice versa | ||
| 159 | <C-w>o = only: close all other windows | ||
| 160 | <C-w>c = close: current window in which the cursor sits | ||
| 161 | |||
| 162 | ### vimdiff | ||
| 163 | |||
| 164 | do = get changes from other window into the current | ||
| 165 | dp = put changes from current window into the other | ||
| 166 | ]c = jump to the next change | ||
| 167 | [c = jump to the prevous change | ||
| 168 | |||
| 169 | ### folds | ||
| 170 | |||
| 171 | za = toggle a fold | ||
| 172 | zM = close all folds | ||
| 173 | zR = opens all folds (unfold all) | ||
| 174 | zE = eliminates all folds | ||
| 175 | |||
| 176 | ### buffers | ||
| 177 | |||
| 178 | :bn = buffer next | ||
| 179 | :bp = buffer previous | ||
| 180 | :bd = buffer dispatch (close) | ||
| 181 | :b <tab> = switch buffer by name (use <tab> and <return>) | ||
| 182 | :set nobuflisted = hide buffer in buffer list (great for neovim's terminal) | ||
| 183 | |||
| 184 | ### args | ||
| 185 | |||
| 186 | :n **/*.c = opens all files with that name or type in buffers and also fills the argument list | ||
| 187 | |||
| 188 | ### special | ||
| 189 | |||
| 190 | g CTRL-g = display file properties including word and char count | ||
| 191 | q: = show command history and use it like a normal buffer | ||
| 192 | z= = show spellcheck suggestions | ||
| 193 | |||
| 194 | ### completions | ||
| 195 | |||
| 196 | CTRL-O = display completions: omnicomplete (context dependant completions) | ||
| 197 | CTRL-X CTRL-F = display completions: file name (using vim-internals omnicomplete) | ||
| 198 | CTRL-N CTRL-P = display completions: file keywords | ||
| 199 | CTRL-K = display completions: dictionary | ||
| 200 | CTRL-T = display completions: thesaurus | ||
| 201 | CTRL-I = display completions: include files | ||
| 202 | CTRL-] = display completions: tags | ||
| 203 | CTRL-D = display completions: (marcro-) definitions | ||
| 204 | CTRL-V = display completions: vim command line | ||
| 205 | CTRL-U = display completions: user-defined | ||
| 206 | |||
| 207 | ### annoyances | ||
| 208 | gv = visual mode: reselect last selection | ||
| 209 | CTRL-o = lets the caret jump back to the previous location | ||
| 210 | CTRL-l = redraws the complete screen | ||
| 211 | CTRL-R<register> = in insert mode and command line: paste contents of <register> (e.g. : for last command, * for clipboard) | ||
| 212 | CTRL-R = in normal mode: redoes what has been undone with u | ||
| 213 | "<register>p = in normal mode: paste paste contents of <register> | ||
| 214 | |||
| 215 | ### registers | ||
| 216 | "/ = last search expression | ||
| 217 | ": = last command entered | ||
| 218 | "= = expression register (to do calculations or call vim functions) | ||
| 219 | |||
| 220 | ### netrw | ||
| 221 | :Lex = open the netrw-view as project drawer | ||
| 222 | gn = makes the directory under the cursor the root directory | ||
| 223 | a = toggles display of hidden files | ||
| 224 | |||
| 225 | ### filetype:css | ||
| 226 | |||
| 227 | viB:sort = sort inner block by name | ||
| 228 | |||
| 229 | ### vim commands | ||
| 230 | |||
| 231 | :for i in range(1,12) | put ='2016-'.i | endfor | ||
| 232 | |||
| 233 | ### debugging | ||
| 234 | |||
| 235 | :profile! start /tmp/profile.log | ||
| 236 | :profile func * | ||
| 237 | :profile file * | ||
| 238 | " At this point do slow actions | ||
| 239 | :profdel * | ||
| 240 | :e /tmp/profile.log | ||
| 241 | " add a break point to a vim script (like vimrc) to invoke the internal debugger | ||
| 242 | :breakadd here | ||
| 243 | :finish = from within a viml-script: stop sourcing it | ||
| 244 | |||
| 245 | ### substitutions | ||
| 246 | |||
| 247 | delete all comments: %s/\/\*\*< [^(\*\/)]*\*\///g | ||
| 248 | remove empty lines: global/^$/d | ||
| 249 | remove non-empty lines: v/^$/d | ||
| 250 | |||
| 251 | ### programs | ||
| 252 | |||
| 253 | gpm - cut and paste helper for the linux console (to get text from CTRL-ALT-F2 to CTRL-ALT-F3) | ||
| 254 | |||
| 255 | ### vim modeline | ||
| 256 | |||
| 257 | filetype can have multiple values, like python.django | ||
| 258 | The last line can be a mode line, which holds settings like tab width: | ||
| 259 | |||
| 260 | |||
| 261 | |||
| 262 | ## git | ||
| 263 | |||
| 264 | undo last commit: git reset HEAD~ | ||
| 265 | diff two branches: git diff branch1 branch2 path/to/file | ||
| 266 | |||
| 267 | |||
| 268 | |||
| 269 | To `~/.gitconfig` add: | ||
| 270 | [alias] | ||
| 271 | branchvv = for-each-ref --sort='committerdate:raw' --format='%(HEAD)%(if)%(HEAD)%(then)%(color:bold green)%(end) %(align:width=24)%(refname:short)%(end) %(objectname:short) %(color:bold blue)%(committerdate:iso)%(color:reset) %(if)%(upstream)%(then)[%(color:blue)%(upstream:short)%(color:reset)] %(end)%(subject)' refs/heads | ||
| 272 | |||
| 273 | Provides you with `git branchvv`, a command that works similar to `git branch`, | ||
| 274 | but sorts the branches by modification date and displays them. | ||
| 275 | |||
| 276 | |||
| 277 | # gnu screen | ||
| 278 | |||
| 279 | To run Vim in a gnu screen session: | ||
| 280 | |||
| 281 | TERM=vte-256color screen vim | ||
| 282 | |||
| 283 | But if you are using another terminal there may be further options with even | ||
| 284 | more capabilities. Starting point for you search could be something like: | ||
| 285 | |||
| 286 | find /usr/share/terminfo/ | grep screen | grep 256 | ||
| 287 | |||
| 288 | # gvim | ||
| 289 | |||
| 290 | Change the default brackground of applications if you see an ugly grey border | ||
| 291 | around your beatiful theme: | ||
| 292 | |||
| 293 | ``` | ||
| 294 | /* to be saved as ~/.config/gtk-3.0/gtk.css | ||
| 295 | * thanks to http://stackoverflow.com/users/6899000/proprefenetre */ | ||
| 296 | @define-color YOUR_BACKGROUND_COLOR #rrggbb; | ||
| 297 | |||
| 298 | window#vim-main-window { | ||
| 299 | background-color: @YOUR_BACKGROUND_COLOR; | ||
| 300 | } | ||
| 301 | ``` | ||
| 302 | |||
